One common event that is the most detrimental in neurodegenerative disorders, even though they have a complex pathogenesis, is the increased rate of neuronal death.Endogenous neurotrophins consist of the major neuroprotective factors, while brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptor TrkB are described in
Chronic kidney disease and renal replacement therapy, particularly hemodialysis, contribute to the development of negative protein balance and muscle dysfunction in dialysis patients, from the development of protein-energy malnutrition to sarcopenia.Due to multifactorial etiology and complex pathophysiological patterns, sarcopenia has proven to be
Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA) is a slowly progressive optic neuropathy that has been associated with mutations of the OPA1 gene.In patients, the disease primarily affects the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and causes optic nerve atrophy and visual loss.A subset of RGCs are intrinsically photosensitive, express the photopigment melanopsin a
Abstract Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are synaptopathies characterized by area-specific synaptic alterations and neuroinflammation.Structural and adhesive vehicles features of hippocampal synapses have been described in the valproic acid (VPA) model.However, neuronal and microglial contribution to hippocampal synaptic pattern and its